{"id":3866,"date":"2024-08-30T17:58:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T09:58:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/?p=3866"},"modified":"2025-12-19T18:20:17","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:20:17","slug":"brain-tumour-brain-cancer-symptoms-causes-treatment-malaysia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/zh\/\u8111\u7624-\u8111\u764c\u75c7\u72b6-\u539f\u56e0-\u6cbb\u7597-\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6cbb\u7597\u8111\u7624\uff1a\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Brain tumours and brain cancer represent some of the most challenging medical conditions, with complex symptoms and a range of potential outcomes. This article aims to provide an in-depth understanding of what brain tumours and brain cancer are, the different types, causes, symptoms to watch for, how they are diagnosed, and the treatment options available in Malaysia. The goal is to educate and inform the general public and potential patients about these conditions, enabling them to seek timely medical advice and treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0\"]{font-size:15px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color has-theme-palette-7-background-color has-background\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_b9590c-f0\"><strong>YOUTUBE PLAYLIST<\/strong>: This list on Brain Tumours contains 11 short videos. Press the forward and backwards control to move between videos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed?listType=playlist&#038;list=PLVzLlbCbMn_adIIkzfbu3puvmgLBg57bS&#038;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n<style>.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);box-shadow:0px 0px 14px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-contents-title-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-contents-title-wrap{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-contents-title{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);font-size:26px;font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-content-wrap .kb-table-of-content-list{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;margin-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-table-of-content-wrap .kb-table-of-content-list .kb-table-of-contents__entry:hover{color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id3866_e20120-e7 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}<\/style>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are Brain Tumours &amp; Brain Cancer?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Brain tumours are abnormal growths of cells within the brain. These tumours can disrupt normal brain function by invading and destroying healthy tissue. Unlike normal cells, which grow and divide in a controlled manner, tumour cells grow uncontrollably. This unregulated growth can lead to the formation of masses or lumps known as tumours.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_7014ae-f5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep-1-Apakah-Tumor-Otak-Dan-Kanser-Otak-.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Brain tumours are broadly classified into two categories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benign Tumours<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>These are non-cancerous tumours that grow slowly and usually remain confined to one area of the brain. Although benign tumours are less aggressive than malignant ones, they can still cause significant harm by compressing brain tissue and disrupting normal brain function. The impact of a benign tumour largely depends on its size and location.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Malignant Tumours<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>These are cancerous tumours that grow rapidly and aggressively. Malignant tumours have the ability to invade and destroy nearby brain tissue. Malignant brain tumours are life-threatening and require prompt and aggressive treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_6089a2-85.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_6089a2-85 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_6089a2-85.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_6089a2-85 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_6089a2-85 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_6089a2-85 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_6089a2-85 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_6089a2-85 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_6089a2-85\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"965\" height=\"936\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Large-brain-tumour.jpg\" alt=\"Large brain tumour\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Large-brain-tumour.jpg 965w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Large-brain-tumour-300x291.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Large-brain-tumour-768x745.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Large-brain-tumour-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 965px) 100vw, 965px\" \/><figcaption>Large Brain Tumour<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Understanding Benign and Malignant Brain Tumours<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Characteristics of<\/strong> Benign Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Benign brain tumours, while non-cancerous, can still be dangerous due to their potential to grow and compress surrounding brain tissue. These tumours do not spread to other parts of the body, but their growth can lead to serious complications depending on their location in the brain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Slow Growth<\/strong>: Benign tumours grow slowly, which means that symptoms may develop gradually over time. This slow progression can make it difficult to detect these tumours early, as the symptoms can be subtle and easily overlooked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Localised Impact<\/strong>: Since benign tumours do not metastasise, their impact is usually localised to the area of the brain where they develop. However, as they grow, they can cause increased pressure within the skull, leading to symptoms such as headaches, seizures, and neurological deficits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Treatment and Prognosis<\/strong>: Treatment for benign tumours often involves surgical removal, especially if the tumour is causing symptoms or growing. Small tutors that doesn\u2019t cause significant compression can be safely treated with NON SURGICAL options such as GAMMA KNIFE radiotherapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The prognosis for patients with benign brain tumours is generally favourable, especially if the tumour is completely removed.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec\"]{text-align:left;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color has-theme-palette-7-background-color has-background\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_be918d-ec\">Patients with benign tumours that have been completely removed typically have a favourable prognosis. In most cases, the tumour does not return, and the patient can return to normal activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Characteristics of Malignant Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Malignant brain tumours, or brain cancer, are more aggressive and dangerous than benign tumours. These tumours can grow rapidly and invade surrounding brain tissue, making them difficult to treat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aggressive Growth<\/strong>: Malignant tumours grow quickly and can cause significant damage to the brain in a short period of time. They are also more likely to spread to other parts of the brain and cause significant amount of brain swelling making them a more serious threat to health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Invasion and Metastasis<\/strong>: Malignant tumours can invade nearby brain tissue, disrupting normal brain function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Treatment Challenges<\/strong>: Treating malignant brain tumours is challenging due to their aggressive nature and tendency to grow &amp; spread. Treatment often involves a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4\"]{text-align:left;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color has-theme-palette-7-background-color has-background\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_7950f2-c4\">The prognosis for malignant brain tumours depends on various factors, including the tumour&#8217;s grade, the extent of its spread, and the patient&#8217;s response to treatment. Some patients achieve long-term remission, while others may require ongoing treatment to manage the disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of Brain Tumours<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Brain tumours are classified into several types based on their origin and behaviour. Understanding these types is crucial for determining the most appropriate treatment approach.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_095f94-07{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_095f94-07{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_095f94-07{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_095f94-07{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_095f94-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_095f94-07\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep-2-Jenis-Rawatan-Kanser-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Primary Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Primary brain tumours originate within the brain itself. They can be either benign or malignant, and they arise from the various cells that make up the brain and its supporting structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gliomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p> Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumour, accounting for about 80% of all brain tumours. They originate from glial cells, which are the supportive cells in the brain. Gliomas can be further classified into several subtypes, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Meningiomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p> Meningiomas are tumours that arise from the meninges, the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Meningiomas are typically benign, but they can still cause significant problems when grow large enough to compress the brain or spinal cord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pituitary Adenomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p> These are <strong>benign<\/strong> tumours develop in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain that regulates hormones. Pituitary adenomas are usually benign and can often be treated with surgery or medication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Medulloblastomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Medulloblastomas are malignant brain tumours that originate in the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for coordinating movement. These tumours are more common in children and can spread to other parts of the brain or spinal cord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Secondary Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Secondary brain tumours, also known as metastatic brain tumours, originate in other parts of the body and spread to the brain. These tumours are always malignant and are more common than primary brain tumours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lung Cancer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The most common source of secondary brain tumours is lung cancer. Lung cancer cells can travel through the bloodstream and form tumours in the brain, a process known as brain metastasis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Breast Cancer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Breast cancer is another common cause of secondary brain tumours. Like lung cancer, breast cancer can spread to the brain and form metastatic tumours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Melanoma<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, can also metastasise to the brain. Metastatic brain tumours from melanoma are often aggressive and difficult to treat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Colorectal Cancer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p> Colorectal cancer can spread to the brain, although this is less common than metastasis from lung, breast, or melanoma cancers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Symptoms of Brain Tumours<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Recognising the symptoms of brain tumours is critical for early diagnosis and treatment. However, the symptoms of brain tumours can vary widely depending on the size, location, and type of tumour.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_bcd38c-13\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep-3-Gejala-Tumor-Otak-Kanser-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Brain Tumour Symptoms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Headaches<\/strong>: Persistent headaches that worsen over time, especially in the morning or after waking up, can be a sign of a brain tumour. Headaches associated with brain tumours are often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Seizures<\/strong>: Seizures are one of the most common symptoms of brain tumours, particularly malignant tumours. A seizure occurs when there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which can be triggered by a tumour pressing on or irritating brain tissue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vision Problems<\/strong>: Blurred or double vision, visual field loss, or difficulty focusing can indicate a brain tumour, especially if these symptoms worsen over time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Weakness or Numbness<\/strong>: Gradual weakness or numbness in the limbs, particularly on one side of the body, can be a sign of a brain tumour affecting the motor areas of the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cognitive Changes<\/strong>: Brain tumours can cause changes in cognitive function, such as memory loss, difficulty concentrating, and confusion. These changes can be subtle and may develop slowly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Personality or Behavioural Changes<\/strong>: Tumours in the frontal lobe can lead to changes in personality, behaviour, and mood. Patients may become more irritable, aggressive, or withdrawn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Speech Difficulties<\/strong>: Tumours affecting the language centres of the brain can cause speech difficulties, including slurred speech, difficulty finding words, or changes in speech patterns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Balance and Coordination Problems<\/strong>: Tumours in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance and coordination, can cause difficulty walking, unsteadiness, and clumsiness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hearing Loss<\/strong>: Tumours near the auditory nerves can cause hearing loss, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), or difficulty understanding speech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nausea and Vomiting<\/strong>: Persistent nausea and vomiting, particularly in the morning, can be related to increased pressure within the skull caused by a brain tumour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Symptoms of Specific Brain Tumours<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Certain symptoms may be associated with specific types of brain tumours, depending on their location within the brain:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frontal Lobe Tumours<\/strong>: These tumours can cause changes in personality, behaviour, and decision-making abilities. Patients may also experience difficulty with planning and organising tasks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Temporal Lobe Tumours<\/strong>: Tumours in the temporal lobe can lead to memory loss, language difficulties, and emotional disturbances.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Parietal Lobe Tumours<\/strong>: These tumours can cause problems with spatial awareness, such as difficulty recognising objects or navigating familiar environments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Occipital Lobe Tumours<\/strong>: Tumours in the occipital lobe, which processes visual information, can cause visual disturbances and loss of vision in one or both eyes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cerebellar Tumours<\/strong>: Tumours in the cerebellum can cause coordination problems, difficulty walking, and unsteady movements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Brainstem Tumours<\/strong>: These tumours can affect basic functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. Patients may also experience difficulty swallowing, facial weakness, and double vision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Causes of Brain Tumours<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The exact causes of brain tumours remain largely unknown. Unlike other types of cancer, such as lung or breast cancer, brain tumours do not have well-defined risk factors. However, some factors have been identified that may increase the risk of developing a brain tumour.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_66a150-66{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_66a150-66{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_66a150-66{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_66a150-66{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_66a150-66 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_66a150-66\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep4-Apa-Yang-Menyebabkan-Kanser-Otak-.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Genetic Factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While most brain tumours occur sporadically, a small percentage are associated with genetic conditions. Some hereditary syndromes that increase the risk of brain tumours include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Type 2 (NF1 and NF2)<\/strong>: These genetic disorders increase the risk of developing tumours in the nervous system, including brain tumours.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Li-Fraumeni Syndrome<\/strong>: This rare genetic condition is associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer, including brain tumours.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Von Hippel-Lindau Disease<\/strong>: This genetic disorder increases the risk of developing tumours in various organs, including the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)<\/strong>: This genetic condition causes benign tumours to grow in multiple organs, including the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Environmental Factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some environmental factors have been suggested as potential causes of brain tumours, although the evidence is not conclusive:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Radiation Exposure<\/strong>: Exposure to ionising radiation, such as from previous cancer treatment, has been linked to an increased risk of brain tumours. People who have undergone radiation therapy to the head for other cancers may be at a higher risk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chemical Exposure<\/strong>: Some studies have suggested that exposure to certain chemicals, such as those found in industrial settings, may increase the risk of brain tumours. However, the evidence is not strong enough to establish a clear link.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other Risk Factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Age<\/strong>: Brain tumours can occur at any age, but they are more common in older adults. However, certain types of brain tumours, such as medulloblastomas, are more common in children.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gender<\/strong>: Some types of brain tumours are more common in men, while others, such as meningiomas, are more common in women.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Family History<\/strong>: While most brain tumours are not inherited, having a family history of brain tumours or other cancers may increase the risk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Immune System Disorders<\/strong>: People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV\/AIDS or organ transplant recipients, may have an increased risk of developing certain types of brain tumours, such as primary central nervous system lymphoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Investigations &amp; Diagnosis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Early diagnosis of brain tumours is crucial for improving outcomes. If you experience persistent or concerning symptoms, it is important to seek medical advice. The diagnostic process for brain tumours typically involves several steps.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_8ad21a-26\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep-5-Penyiasatan-Diagnosis-Tumor-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Initial Evaluation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Your healthcare provider will begin by taking a detailed medical history and performing a physical examination. They will ask about your symptoms, their duration, and any potential risk factors. During the physical examination, your doctor may perform a neurological exam to assess your reflexes, muscle strength, coordination, and sensory function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Imaging Studies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Imaging studies are essential for diagnosing brain tumours. The most commonly used imaging techniques include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI):<\/strong> MRI is the gold standard for diagnosing brain tumours. It provides detailed images of the brain&#8217;s structure, allowing doctors to identify the size, location, and characteristics of the tumour. MRI can also help distinguish between benign and malignant tumours.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_d68302-c3.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_d68302-c3 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_d68302-c3.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_d68302-c3 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_d68302-c3 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_d68302-c3 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_d68302-c3 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_d68302-c3 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_d68302-c3\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3976\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Brain-MRI-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Brain MRI<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Computed Tomography (CT) Scan<\/strong>: A CT scan uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the brain. While it is less detailed than an MRI, a CT scan can be useful in emergency situations or when MRI is not available.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan<\/strong>: A PET scan involves injecting a small amount of radioactive material into the bloodstream. The scan detects areas of increased metabolic activity, which can indicate the presence of a tumour. PET scans are often used in combination with MRI or CT scans to provide additional information about the tumour&#8217;s behaviour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Angiography<\/strong>: In some cases, a cerebral angiogram may be performed to visualise the blood vessels in the brain. This test can help identify tumours that are supplied by abnormal blood vessels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biopsy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If imaging studies suggest the presence of a brain tumour, a biopsy may be performed to obtain a sample of the tumour tissue. This sample is then examined under a microscope to determine the type of tumour and its grade (how aggressive it is). There are several types of biopsies that may be used:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stereotactic Needle Biopsy<\/strong>: This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a thin needle into the brain to remove a small sample of the tumour. The procedure is guided by imaging techniques, such as MRI or CT, to ensure precise targeting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Open Biopsy (Craniotomy)<\/strong>: In some cases, a more invasive approach may be needed. During a craniotomy, the surgeon removes a portion of the skull to access the tumour and obtain a larger tissue sample. This procedure may also be used to remove the tumour entirely if it is deemed operable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Molecular Testing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Advances in molecular biology have led to the development of tests that can analyse the genetic and molecular characteristics of brain tumours. These tests can provide valuable information about the tumour&#8217;s behaviour and help guide treatment decisions. For example, certain mutations or genetic alterations may make a tumour more responsive to targeted therapies or immunotherapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Treatment Options<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The treatment of brain tumours depends on several factors, including the type, size, location, and grade of the tumour, as well as the patient&#8217;s overall health and preferences. Treatment may involve one or a combination of the following approaches:<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_381ddb-cd\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep6-Pilihan-Rawatan-Tumor-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surgery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Surgery is often the first-line treatment for brain tumours, especially if the tumour is accessible and can be safely removed. The goals of surgery are to remove as much of the tumour as possible, relieve pressure on the brain, and obtain tissue for diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_250a99-d2.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_250a99-d2 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_250a99-d2.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_250a99-d2 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_250a99-d2 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_250a99-d2 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_250a99-d2 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_250a99-d2 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_250a99-d2\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Brain-Tumor-Surgery-800x800-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Brain-Tumor-Surgery-800x800-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Brain-Tumor-Surgery-800x800-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Brain-Tumor-Surgery-800x800-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Brain-Tumor-Surgery-800x800-1-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Craniotomy<\/strong>: This is the most common surgical procedure for brain tumours. It involves removing a portion of the skull to access the tumour. After the tumour is removed, the skull is replaced, and the incision is closed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Endoscopic Surgery<\/strong>: In some cases, minimally invasive techniques, such as endoscopic surgery, may be used to remove tumours located in hard-to-reach areas of the brain. This approach involves using a small camera and specialised instruments to remove the tumour through a small incision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Awake Brain Surgery<\/strong>: For tumours located near critical areas of the brain that control speech, movement, or other functions, awake brain surgery may be performed. During this procedure, the patient is awake and responsive, allowing the surgeon to monitor brain function and avoid damaging important areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiotherapy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumours. It may be used as a primary treatment for inoperable tumours, as an adjunct to surgery, or to treat residual tumour cells after surgery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gamma Knife Surgery<\/strong> is a specialised form of radiotherapy specifically designed for brain tumours. It is characterised by high precision delivery of single high dose radiation source to the tumor. This results in good tumor destruction and minimal damage to surrounding brain regions as opposed to conventional radiotherapy methods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Brachytherapy<\/strong>: This approach involves placing radioactive material directly into or near the tumour. Brachytherapy is less commonly used for brain tumours but may be considered in certain cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chemotherapy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells or stop them from dividing. It is often used in combination with surgery and radiotherapy for the treatment of malignant brain tumours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Oral Chemotherapy<\/strong>: Some chemotherapy drugs can be taken orally in pill form. This is a convenient option for patients and may be used as part of a long-term treatment plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Intravenous Chemotherapy<\/strong>: Chemotherapy drugs are often given intravenously (through a vein) to reach the tumour via the bloodstream. Treatment is typically administered in cycles, with periods of rest in between to allow the body to recover.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Targeted Therapy<\/strong>: Targeted therapies are drugs that specifically target genetic mutations or molecular pathways that drive tumour growth. These treatments are designed to be more precise and cause fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Immunotherapy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Immunotherapy is an emerging treatment that harnesses the body&#8217;s immune system to fight cancer. While still in the early stages of development for brain tumours, immunotherapy has shown promise in clinical trials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Checkpoint Inhibitors<\/strong>: These drugs block proteins that prevent the immune system from attacking cancer cells. By inhibiting these checkpoints, the immune system can recognise and destroy tumour cells more effectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cancer Vaccines<\/strong>: Cancer vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system to target specific proteins found on tumour cells. While still experimental, cancer vaccines may offer a new avenue for treating brain tumours in the future.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Adoptive Cell Transfer<\/strong>: This approach involves collecting and modifying a patient&#8217;s immune cells to enhance their ability to attack tumour cells. The modified cells are then infused back into the patient to help fight the tumour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gamma Knife Surgery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamma Knife surgery is a non-invasive treatment option for brain tumours that delivers highly focused beams of radiation to the tumour. Despite its name, Gamma Knife surgery does not involve any actual cutting. Instead, it uses a machine to deliver precise radiation to the tumour, causing minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_7fe78a-87.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_7fe78a-87.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_7fe78a-87 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_7fe78a-87\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gamma-Knife-Treatment-800x800-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gamma-Knife-Treatment-800x800-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gamma-Knife-Treatment-800x800-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gamma-Knife-Treatment-800x800-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gamma-Knife-Treatment-800x800-1-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indications<\/strong>: Gamma Knife surgery is typically used for small tumours (less than 3 cm in size) and those located in areas of the brain that are difficult to access surgically. It is also used to treat metastatic brain tumours and tumours that have recurred after previous treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Procedure<\/strong>: During the procedure, the patient wears a specialised head frame to keep the head still. The Gamma Knife machine then delivers multiple beams of radiation to the tumour, with each beam converging on the tumour from different angles. The procedure is usually completed in one session, and patients can often go home the same day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Outcomes<\/strong>: Gamma Knife surgery has a high success rate for controlling tumour growth, particularly for benign tumours and small metastatic lesions. Patients typically experience fewer side effects compared to traditional radiotherapy, and the recovery time is shorter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical Trials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Participation in clinical trials may be an option for patients with brain tumours, especially those with tumours that are difficult to treat with standard therapies. Clinical trials offer access to new and experimental treatments that are not yet widely available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Benefits<\/strong>: Clinical trials can provide patients with access to cutting-edge therapies that may offer better outcomes than standard treatments. They also contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge and the development of new treatments for future patients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Considerations<\/strong>: Participation in a clinical trial may involve additional risks, as the treatments being studied are often experimental and may not have been fully tested for safety and efficacy. Patients should discuss the potential benefits and risks with their healthcare team before deciding to enrol in a clinical trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Surgery &#8211; Importance &amp; Risks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Surgical removal of a brain tumour is often a critical step in the treatment process, particularly for tumours that are accessible and causing symptoms. Surgery not only alleviates symptoms caused by the tumour&#8217;s pressure on the brain but also improves the effectiveness of subsequent treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_679dd3-dc\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep7-Mengapa-Pembuangan-Pembedahan-Tumor-Otak-Sangat-Penting.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Goals of Brain Tumour Surgery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The primary goals of brain tumour surgery are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tumour Removal<\/strong>: The main objective is to remove all or as much of the tumour as possible while preserving normal brain function. In some cases, the entire tumour can be removed, while in others, a portion of the tumour may need to be left behind to avoid damaging critical brain structures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_e78609-e0.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_e78609-e0 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_e78609-e0.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_e78609-e0 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_e78609-e0 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_e78609-e0 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_e78609-e0 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_e78609-e0 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_e78609-e0\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour.jpg\" alt=\"Removed Tumour\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3977\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Removed-Tumour-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Removed Tumour Tissue<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Symptom Relief<\/strong>: Removing the tumour can relieve symptoms such as headaches, seizures, and neurological deficits caused by the tumour&#8217;s pressure on the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tissue Diagnosis<\/strong>: Surgery provides tissue samples that are essential for diagnosing the type and grade of the tumour. This information guides the subsequent treatment plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Improving Treatment Response<\/strong>: Reducing the tumour&#8217;s size through surgery can enhance the effectiveness of other treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, by making it easier for these therapies to target the remaining tumour cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Minimally Invasive Techniques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Minimally invasive surgical techniques have become increasingly popular in the treatment of brain tumours. These techniques aim to minimise damage to healthy brain tissue, reduce recovery time, and lower the risk of complications.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_7297ba-ca.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_7297ba-ca .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_7297ba-ca.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_7297ba-ca .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_7297ba-ca figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_7297ba-ca .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_7297ba-ca .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_7297ba-ca .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_7297ba-ca\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Endoscopic-Brain-Surgery-800x800-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-3122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Endoscopic-Brain-Surgery-800x800-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Endoscopic-Brain-Surgery-800x800-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Endoscopic-Brain-Surgery-800x800-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Endoscopic-Brain-Surgery-800x800-1-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Endoscopic Surgery<\/strong>: Endoscopic surgery involves the use of a thin, flexible tube with a camera and specialised instruments to remove tumours through small incisions. This approach is particularly useful for tumours located in hard-to-reach areas, such as the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces) of the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Neuronavigation<\/strong>: Neuronavigation is a computer-assisted technology that allows surgeons to create a 3D map of the brain based on preoperative imaging. This map guides the surgeon during the procedure, helping to avoid critical structures and ensuring precise tumour removal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Intraoperative MRI<\/strong>: In some cases, an MRI scanner is used during surgery to provide real-time images of the brain. This allows the surgeon to assess the extent of tumour removal and make adjustments as needed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risks of Brain Surgery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Brain surgery, like any surgical procedure, carries risks. However, advances in surgical techniques and technology have significantly reduced these risks.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_049ee0-4a\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep-8-Risiko-Pembedahan-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Swelling (Edema)<\/strong>: Surgery can cause swelling in the brain, which may lead to temporary neurological symptoms. Steroid medications are often used to reduce swelling and minimise these effects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bleeding (Haemorrhage)<\/strong>: Bleeding can occur during or after surgery. While significant bleeding is uncommon, it may require additional treatment, such as a blood transfusion or further surgery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infection<\/strong>: As with any surgery, there is a risk of infection. Surgeons take precautions to minimise this risk, and antibiotics are often administered before and after surgery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Seizures<\/strong>: Some patients may experience seizures after brain surgery. Anti-seizure medications are often prescribed to prevent or manage this complication.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Neurological Deficits<\/strong>: Depending on the tumour&#8217;s location, surgery may result in temporary or permanent neurological deficits, such as weakness, numbness, or speech difficulties. The risk of these deficits depends on the tumour&#8217;s proximity to critical areas of the brain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Recovery Process<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Recovery from brain tumour surgery varies depending on the individual patient, the type and location of the tumour, and the extent of the surgery. The recovery process typically involves a combination of medical care, rehabilitation, and follow-up appointments.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_f9d9fe-58\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep9-Proses-Pemulihan-Pembedahan-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hospital Stay<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After brain surgery, patients are usually monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) for the first 24 to 48 hours. During this time, the healthcare team closely monitors the patient&#8217;s neurological function, vital signs, and overall condition. Most patients can expect to stay in the hospital for about five to seven days, depending on their recovery progress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Physical Rehabilitation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rehabilitation is a crucial component of the recovery process. Depending on the tumour&#8217;s location and the surgery&#8217;s impact, patients may require physical, occupational, or speech therapy to regain strength, mobility, and cognitive function.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_70850e-a7.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_70850e-a7 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_70850e-a7.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_70850e-a7 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_70850e-a7 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_70850e-a7 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_70850e-a7 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_70850e-a7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_70850e-a7\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Non-Surgical-Procedures-1280x960-1-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-2646\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Non-Surgical-Procedures-1280x960-1-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Non-Surgical-Procedures-1280x960-1-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Non-Surgical-Procedures-1280x960-1-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Non-Surgical-Procedures-1280x960-1-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Physical Therapy<\/strong>: Physical therapy focuses on improving strength, balance, and coordination. It is especially important for patients who have experienced weakness or paralysis as a result of the tumour or surgery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Occupational Therapy<\/strong>: Occupational therapy helps patients regain the ability to perform daily activities, such as dressing, eating, and bathing. It also addresses any challenges related to fine motor skills, such as writing or buttoning clothes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Speech Therapy<\/strong>: Speech therapy may be necessary for patients who experience speech or language difficulties after surgery. Therapy sessions focus on improving communication skills, such as articulation, fluency, and comprehension.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cognitive Rehabilitation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cognitive rehabilitation is designed to help patients regain cognitive functions that may have been affected by the tumour or surgery. This type of therapy focuses on memory, attention, problem-solving, and executive function.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image3866_4f530f-d7.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:500px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_4f530f-d7.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 figure{max-width:500px;}.kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 .image-is-svg, .kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image3866_4f530f-d7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image3866_4f530f-d7\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Motor-Skills-800x800-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-2887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Motor-Skills-800x800-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Motor-Skills-800x800-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Motor-Skills-800x800-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Motor-Skills-800x800-1-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Memory Exercises<\/strong>: Therapists work with patients on exercises and strategies to improve memory, such as using mnemonic devices, creating routines, and keeping a diary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Attention Training<\/strong>: Patients may undergo exercises to improve their ability to focus and maintain attention on tasks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Problem-Solving Skills<\/strong>: Cognitive rehabilitation may also involve exercises to enhance problem-solving and decision-making abilities, helping patients return to daily life and work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Follow-Up Care<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow-up care is essential for monitoring the patient&#8217;s recovery and detecting any signs of tumour recurrence. Patients typically have follow-up appointments with their neurosurgeon and oncologist to review MRI scans, assess neurological function, and adjust treatment plans as needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Imaging Studies<\/strong>: Regular MRI scans are usually performed at intervals (e.g., every three to six months) to monitor for tumour recurrence or regrowth. These scans help guide further treatment decisions and ensure early intervention if necessary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Medication Management<\/strong>: Patients may be prescribed medications to manage symptoms, such as anti-seizure drugs, steroids to reduce swelling, or pain relievers. The healthcare team will adjust medication dosages based on the patient&#8217;s progress.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lifestyle Adjustments<\/strong>: Patients may need to make lifestyle adjustments to support their recovery and overall health. This can include adopting a healthy diet, staying physically active, avoiding alcohol and tobacco, and managing stress.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Long-Term Outlook<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The long-term outlook for patients with brain tumours varies depending on the type of tumour, its location, and the treatment received.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Expected Outcomes (Prognosis)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The prognosis for patients with brain tumours has improved significantly in recent years, thanks to advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical methods, and treatment options. While the outlook varies depending on the type of tumour and individual patient factors, there is reason for optimism.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3866_302457-d5{max-width:250px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal:not(.kb-section-md-dir-vertical)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_302457-d5{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5{position:relative;}@media all and (min-width: 1025px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_302457-d5{-webkit-flex:0 1 250px;flex:0 1 250px;max-width:unset;margin-left:unset;margin-right:unset;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-sm-dir-vertical:not(.kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal):not(.kb-section-sm-dir-specificity)>.kt-inside-inner-col>.kadence-column3866_302457-d5{max-width:250px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.kadence-column3866_302457-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3866_302457-d5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1080 \/ 720;\" width=\"1080\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ep10-Prognosis-Pembedahan-Tumor-Otak.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benign Tumour Prognosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Patients with benign tumours that have been completely removed typically have a favourable prognosis. In most cases, the tumour does not return, and the patient can return to normal activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Malignant Tumour Prognosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The prognosis for malignant brain tumours depends on various factors, including the tumour&#8217;s grade, the extent of its spread, and the patient&#8217;s response to treatment. Some patients achieve long-term remission, while others may require ongoing treatment to manage the disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prognostic Factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Several factors influence the prognosis for patients with brain tumours:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tumour Type<\/strong>: Benign tumours generally have a better prognosis than malignant tumours. Among malignant tumours, certain types, such as glioblastoma, are more aggressive and have a poorer prognosis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tumour Location<\/strong>: The tumour&#8217;s location within the brain can impact the prognosis. Tumours in areas that control critical functions, such as speech or movement, may be more difficult to treat without causing significant neurological deficits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tumour Size<\/strong>: Larger tumours may be more challenging to remove completely and may be associated with a higher risk of recurrence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Age<\/strong>: Younger patients generally have a better prognosis, as they are more likely to tolerate aggressive treatments and recover from surgery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Overall Health<\/strong>: Patients with good overall health and no other serious medical conditions are more likely to have a favourable outcome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brain Tumour Survival Rates<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Survival rates for brain tumours vary widely depending on the type and grade of the tumour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Low-Grade Gliomas<\/strong>: Patients with low-grade gliomas, which are slow-growing tumours, may have a survival rate of 10 years or more. However, these tumours can sometimes progress to higher-grade, more aggressive forms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>High-Grade Gliomas<\/strong>: High-grade gliomas, such as glioblastoma, have a poorer prognosis, with median survival times ranging from 12 to 18 months. However, some patients live longer with aggressive treatment and new therapies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Meningiomas<\/strong>: The prognosis for meningiomas, which are typically benign, is generally excellent, with a high rate of long-term survival. However, some meningiomas can recur, particularly if they are not completely removed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advances in Brain Tumour Treatment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recent advances in treatment have led to improved outcomes for patients with brain tumours:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Targeted Therapies<\/strong>: Targeted therapies, which attack specific genetic mutations in tumour cells, have shown promise in treating certain types of brain tumours. These therapies are often associated with fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Immunotherapy<\/strong>: Immunotherapy, which harnesses the body&#8217;s immune system to fight cancer, is an emerging area of research for brain tumours. Clinical trials are ongoing to determine the effectiveness of these treatments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Minimally Invasive Surgery<\/strong>: Advances in surgical techniques, such as minimally invasive and image-guided surgery, have reduced the risks associated with brain tumour removal and improved patient outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gamma Knife Surgery<\/strong>: Gamma Knife surgery, a form of stereotactic radiosurgery, has become an important treatment option for small, inoperable tumours and recurrent tumours.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion on Brain Tumour &amp; Brain Cancers in Malaysia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Brain tumours and brain cancer are complex and challenging conditions, but advances in medical science have improved the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for many patients. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and personalised treatment plans are key to achieving the best possible outcomes. <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d\"]{text-align:center;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color has-theme-palette-7-background-color has-background\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading3866_3eb302-4d\">If you or a loved one experience any symptoms of a brain tumour, it is important to seek medical advice promptly. In Malaysia, a range of treatment options are available, offering hope and a better quality of life for patients with brain tumours.<br><br><strong>Make an appointment with Dr Azman<\/strong> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/\" title=\"Neurosurgeon Dr Azman Raffiq \u2013 Brain &amp; Spine Clinic Malaysia\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-1-color\">HERE<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<r-p><rp-slider data-id=\"4255\" data-count=\"31\" data-offset=\"31\" data-rs=\"1\" data-opts='{\"speed\":5,\"autoplay\":\"\",\"wheelscroll\":\"\",\"mousestop\":\"\",\"clickstop\":\"\",\"swipe_step\":\"\",\"swipe_per_btn\":\"\",\"swipe_per_dot\":\"\",\"pagination\":\"\",\"text_size\":\"\",\"time_format\":\"\",\"hide_avatar\":\"\",\"hide_name\":\"\",\"disable_review_time\":\"\",\"disable_user_link\":\"\",\"disable_google_link\":\"\",\"open_link\":\"1\",\"nofollow_link\":\"1\",\"lazy_load_img\":\"1\",\"color_review\":\"\",\"color_border\":\"\",\"color_text\":\"\",\"color_scale\":\"\",\"color_based\":\"\",\"color_name\":\"\",\"color_time\":\"\",\"color_stars\":\"\",\"color_btn\":\"\",\"color_prev_next\":\"\",\"color_dot\":\"\",\"slider_space_between\":\"\",\"slider_review_height\":\"\",\"slider_breakpoints\":\"\",\"trans\":{\"read more\":\"read more\"}}' data-exec=\"\" ><rp-header><rp-flex class=\"rplg-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Dr-Azman-Raffiq-Transparent-compress-edited.png\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Dr Azman Raffiq - Brain & Spine Clinic\"><rp-flex class=\"rplg-column\"><rp-name>Dr Azman Raffiq - Brain & Spine Clinic<\/rp-name><rp-score><rp-rating>4.9<\/rp-rating><rp-stars data-info=\"4.9,,\"><rp-star>\u2605<\/rp-star><rp-star>\u2605<\/rp-star><rp-star>\u2605<\/rp-star><rp-star>\u2605<\/rp-star><rp-star>\u2605<\/rp-star><\/rp-stars><\/rp-score><\/rp-flex><\/rp-flex><rp-based>                    Based on 130 reviews from<rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-based><rp-review_us class=\"rplg-clickable\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">See all reviews<\/a><\/rp-review_us><\/rp-header><rp-content><rp-reviews><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocIKFqX75zbd1T6yhbXvRcjLiirqHfe8xwWwhlTKeqEO9HgKp6M=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Amir Haiqhah\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Amir Haiqhah\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Amir Haiqhah<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1778064314\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Listen to patient with patience and give clear explaination with easy to understand.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocKBPPc69xv3v_VjChKi4nFBDypw-OABMXl8SiVlCqS0tFFBUg=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Norman Affendy Hazman\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Norman Affendy Hazman\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Norman Affendy Hazman<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1777713313\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Mudah untuk berurusan. Doktor yg sangat berpengalaman. Sangat memuaskan. Terima kasih.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWttMW-A3MlpyeJHSZ8wvycv3X6RF6aCJ8jtH2Owc0STKvOpvUI=s120-c-rp-mo-ba3-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Number 11 Malaysia\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Number 11 Malaysia\"><a href=\"https:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/contrib\/100763124832775429959\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Number 11 Malaysia<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1777369292\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Excellent five &#x2b50; service at Klinik Dr. Azman, Pantai Hospital.Dr. Azman provided outstanding medical care with great professionalism and expertise. Mieza managed the clinic\u2019s administration efficiently, ensuring a smooth and seamless experience throughout.Highly recommended for anyone seeking treatment for slip disc especially endoscopic spine surgery.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWtGMbn4rZcRAYWz7oOcyCRRYii0J-PYaqJNEKtpnpHUaRNz81D=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Hafiz Johari (CIDB)\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Hafiz Johari (CIDB)\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Hafiz Johari (CIDB)<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1776937213\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Simple , straight foward , fast explanation but still tell every detail of the problem. Thank you Dr.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocIyRASPUP-YUsdaOPBS12WtlOgRW7ORwoRj0Nf1GmWc-0IAyA=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"J S\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"J S\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >J S<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1776688268\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Dr Azman was fabulous.  He took the time to explain the findings from my CT Scan and with much clarity.  I have full confidence in him.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocKEeEH0yrSHJbRjYIA03UJyoX5JVrOYujemMTFCXI2qEJ_rRA=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Lee Sidek\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Lee Sidek\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Lee Sidek<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1776505148\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">The best doktor , good explanation, care and friendly.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjUHr6mdhRNm5dASd3jT2bSHdA96QWUDhye96TM1GuBGl5YcpOw=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Ally Ramly\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Ally Ramly\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Ally Ramly<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1776041457\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Thank you so much Dr Azman for helping us. The best Neurosurgeon in Malaysia. The brain surgery for my wife successful. I really recommend for those who have brain and spine problems, please consult with Dr. Azman. Ms Miza, the clinic assistant also help us a lot. Thank you. -AllyRamly-<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWGRW3vXxubItxXG5CRheoYFy1sHHMoHA7By6F7kOEN1-A1Knw=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Fatimah Yusop\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Fatimah Yusop\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Fatimah Yusop<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1775557986\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I would like to express my deepest appreciation to Dr. Azman Raffiq for his exceptional skill and professionalism in performing my surgeries\u2014not once, but twice.Both procedures were carried out with remarkable precision, resulting in minimal pain and a smooth, speedy recovery. His ability to quickly identify issues and provide effective solutions truly reflects his expertise and dedication to patient care.Dr. Azman Raffiq is highly efficient, attentive, and trustworthy. I am truly grateful for his care and would highly recommend him to anyone seeking a skilled and reliable surgeon.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocKjXZTDXOVulydcnN3g_mdeVjqUxegzQHpTiJhi_C-Egcs83A=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Sonng Chew\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Sonng Chew\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Sonng Chew<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1775363977\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Dr. Azman Raffiq is a very detailed,  experience and knowledgeable doctor .He is friendly , approachable and always looking into the concerns of his patients.Very helpful and courteous staff at his clinic as well .<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjVnFV1tXafhfldNUt5yLAOfXXHI5tPswH8txUoLVfUs6k5hKoLUWg=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"mimie mimie\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"mimie mimie\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >mimie mimie<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1774527653\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">\u201cService memang sangat baik. Nurse mieza cekap, friendly dan banyak bantu. Doctor pun explain dengan jelas dan mudah faham. Sangat puas hati dengan layanan yg diberi..<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocIoWUbYSXOp26sbJ75kra8p4X7avenypDwzBI7JWVCvIrUITTs=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"LSL\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"LSL\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >LSL<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1773731557\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I highly recommend Dr Azman Raffiq from Pantai Hospital. Very supportive and understanding Doctor. I feel lucky to have him as my Doctor.Lim Sheau Ling<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocJXMuyxl8fhHR9FBPmWIojw6l6WNQFO2g0W1V18bxILLBlD9A=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Sunderrajan Padmanabhan\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Sunderrajan Padmanabhan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Sunderrajan Padmanabhan<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1773663273\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Very Experienced Doctor. Explained Diagnosis of ailment in a detailed manner and treatment plan explained. Very Courteous staff members at Doctors clinic.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjXiVk-ogq8Z7mEbNqzPvQLlQyn4mw-66csepYwYW2xSOxqjcPZAGg=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Lovleen Kaur\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Lovleen Kaur\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Lovleen Kaur<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1773458455\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Found Dr Azman randomly on Google and decided to visit based on his expertise and positive reviews. It turned out to be a very good choice. He was confident in identifying my issue and clearly explained the next steps forward. He is also friendly, professional, and approachable, making it easy to ask questions and discuss concerns.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWGIiwzf7UvpidjVq0kw4R-VyMZzAqOpxwJvzHSOz6FK3wLEjDz=s120-c-rp-mo-ba2-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Gokula Krishnan\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Gokula Krishnan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Gokula Krishnan<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1772792628\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Awesome doctor, took time to analyze and explain things to my 80+ yr old mom and truly empathetic and a little funny too. Mom likes him.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjW1shITb7c4W_L9cYPL4OysXiJGQ0HGtBWEqQm2E8FjkJmH_Kww=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Sharifah Syahirah\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Sharifah Syahirah\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Sharifah Syahirah<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1772508514\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Brought my father to visit Dr Azman for the first time. His explanation and clarification on the health issue related to his tumour was detailed and good. Not regretting my choice for bringing him here! Thank you Dr and his CA, Miza.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjXnB8vLLvxWyVSzTfERffLSX2FHJW9-lSbN-D1fwlvOXzpP9tD3=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"shafynas roslan\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"shafynas roslan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >shafynas roslan<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1770983317\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I had a very positive experience with Dr Azman Raffiq, the best consultant neurosurgeon i\u2019ve ever met. The explanation was clear and concise, the examination was thorough, and most importantly, he listened attentively to my concerns. I felt reassured and well cared for.\u201d<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLSHbakf1l0LCUD8ayG2_D6TG6FyXA6sEtjIe_e2LPwIrsE-Q=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Issabelle Leong\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Issabelle Leong\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Issabelle Leong<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1770977927\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Extremely professional and knowledgeable doctor with super helpful staff!<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocIs3K_rhboeWUwovwv3BtdtIqvhHvTMKQT63j-fqDKywvBCfw=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Sunderi Kumari\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Sunderi Kumari\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Sunderi Kumari<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1770870619\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">\u201cI had a very good experience at this hospital, especially with the Neuro doctor. The doctor was very professional, kind, and explained my condition clearly in a calm way. The treatment and guidance were excellent. Staff were helpful and the overall service was smooth. I truly recommend this hospital for Neuro care.\u201d (dr. Azman raffiq)<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLXW9tqr0h74di8MB0bv3aheyrOJ9olj-0ZXH15S8g80cdlAw=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Shafiaee Hassan\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Shafiaee Hassan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Shafiaee Hassan<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1770634151\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Well   organise and friendly service<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjU27aYlFkMq2oGkfHoSCQN-G9cp3ZcOCFt2dN-wom6eK3l_i8g=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Lee FS\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Lee FS\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Lee FS<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1770631649\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">One of the best surgeons in Malaysia<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocJfrG8lt8kjroTVviilZhrJcdCd2A-Y4mPN-xkPwUFsNBK5DA=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"muhamad muzamil abdul latip\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"muhamad muzamil abdul latip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >muhamad muzamil abdul latip<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1769577073\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I sincerely appreciate your skill and professionalism during my surgery. Thank you, doctor.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLN919_hUNqneNPdfpxDijWCeaJTsBOWkgGCneIzvkKYl4h5A=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Kasturi Arumugam\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Kasturi Arumugam\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Kasturi Arumugam<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1769482296\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I appreciate how thorough and patient DR Azman is. His takes time to explain every detail clearly and gives practical advice that truly helps with recovery.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocJLeLI9c9hQCPDCHNaBSDnQwj8Jfud384M7Qbl5uISIceXagg=s120-c-rp-mo-ba2-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Addi Rafeq Abdul Rahman\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Addi Rafeq Abdul Rahman\"><a href=\"https:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/contrib\/117188891444318315940\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Addi Rafeq Abdul Rahman<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1769313391\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I came across Dr Azman Raffiq after doing some research and seeing his name recommended as one of the best surgeons for endoscopic spine surgery. That gave me the confidence to proceed with an appointment.From the first consultation, Dr Azman was clear, calm and very reassuring in explaining my condition and treatment options. I underwent surgery yesterday and everything went smoothly.Truly grateful for his expertise and professionalism. Highly recommended.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjUdWfPLYAUbPzdLmbK8SDjqQ-bva8K5Qcdydk6VjAoboDktfwy8=s120-c-rp-mo-ba2-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"GBoy Osman\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"GBoy Osman\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >GBoy Osman<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1769235943\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Went to finalize my diagnose with Dr Azman Rafiq. Very professional and friendly. Clear explaination and able to understand my curiousity. Overall, very positive. If U have slipdisk issues, I recommend you to see him. Clerk clinic was very helpful and sincere when dealings with patients.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjXEOIUflv-YyRmR3aic8XgU7SatKWFf5G7hCmt5YBkAs-6rsec=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"senthil Ilangovan\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"senthil Ilangovan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >senthil Ilangovan<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1764822276\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I have seen many neurosurgeon n other doctors as well, but Dr. Azman is someone tell the truth and without force, we will get his advise. 21 days in Pantai KL, he visited me and help me to recover with motivation words and I never feel that I m in hospital. He has a great motivation words which very hard to see in PHKL surgeon.Bravo Dr. Azman, your professionalism reflect on me after my surgery. You pump my confident in fact the whole family of mine. Thanks Dr. Azman. I surely recommend you to others that need your expertise. You are really concern on patience\u2026 thanks again Dr. Azman.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWSI1H4GEOf0pMoP4h98zl-E-fpRf9Sg3AwBr4BYjChXiePuA8U=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"MA\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"MA\"><a href=\"https:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/contrib\/111896505509587118888\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >MA<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1763969335\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Dr Azman is my lead neurosurgeon. He is more than just a highly skilled & experienced surgeon but also truly an exceptional high quality soul and human being.His commitments towards his patients is remarkable, always prioritising & placing their best interest in all his decision making.I had 2 surgeries (spine tumor and lower lumbar-L4) under him, all went well.He checks on my overall wellbeing closely and has been going beyond his scope as a doctor to assist my recovery .I completely trust his competency, I trust my life under his watchful care.I must have done something darn right to have crossed paths with him.What\u2019s shared thus far is an understatement, for no words could describe my deepest gratitude towards Dr Azman.Thank YOU, Dr Azman &#x1fae1;<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjVt3PX2O0WPkV3OLlFoaLACSLSpNimwwmOPv8p1ducGxHIwO_JA=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Airis Aspire Resources\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Airis Aspire Resources\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Airis Aspire Resources<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1761198247\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">I am very satisfied with the service and explanation from Doctor Azman about the my husband treatment.The Doctor is very kind and caring also very friendly with patients.Alhamdullilah Doctor Azman is the best Doctor Neuro&Spine we found.We are very confident in all treatment methods provided by the Doctor.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocL3IAQi_Q5Jjli0oaY_M2I7_sMWkEo6-45LP9RCmPoIMD1cUw=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"zarina mat\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"zarina mat\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >zarina mat<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1760152111\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Doktor yang sangat dekat dengan pesakit. Sangat mesra dan faham keadaan pesakit. Masalah sakit slipped disc suami saya hilang 90% dengan prosedure doktor Azman jalankn<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocIqG7lfBzLPT1HySUAKLjY2Kzr3hf_E1r-fGMnvg96xxlquQQ=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Kathleen Arulu\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Kathleen Arulu\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Kathleen Arulu<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1760066301\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">My first visit to his clinic he is very freindly n caring. He explain my problem very clearly. I thank God finally I fond a good doctor like Dr. Azman.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a\/ACg8ocLSzW_ANfoXKF3-DKY_5WlEbgMBsZnOtB3jSJqTR39GQWijUQ=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Mohammad Syafiq\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"Mohammad Syafiq\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >Mohammad Syafiq<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1759116703\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">Good explaination and talkative. Very recommended to this clinic.<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><rp-review><rp-review-inner><rp-flex><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rplg-img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/a-\/ALV-UjWmKsa1ZfBReovf1qBf2pJOZAm4lWQIZzAATKS9azPPvAfV9BcrKQ=s120-c-rp-mo-br100\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"wan rosni wan abd aziz\"><rp-review-info><rp-review-name title=\"wan rosni wan abd aziz\"><a href=\"https:\/\/search.google.com\/local\/reviews?placeid=ChIJzTZeJG9JzDERJ9pxpk2dVZM\" class=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"  >wan rosni wan abd aziz<\/a><\/rp-review-name><rp-review-time data-time=\"1758815851\"><\/rp-review-time><\/rp-review-info><\/rp-flex><rp-stars data-info=\"5,google,\">                    \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605                <\/rp-stars><rp-body><rp-review-text class=\"rplg-scroll\">The treatment was precise and effective, with pain relief almost immediately. Dr. Azman\u2019s explanation was clear and easy to understand. He is truly an excellent neurosurgeon, and I highly recommend him. Thank you<\/rp-review-text><\/rp-body><rp-logo data-provider=\"google\"><\/rp-logo><\/rp-review-inner><\/rp-review><\/rp-reviews><rp-controls><rp-btn-prev><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M14.6,18.4L8.3,12l6.4-6.4l0.7,0.7L9.7,12l5.6,5.6L14.6,18.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/rp-btn-prev><rp-btn-next><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.4,18.4l-0.7-0.7l5.6-5.6L8.6,6.4l0.7-0.7l6.4,6.4L9.4,18.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/rp-btn-next><\/rp-controls><rp-dots><\/rp-dots><\/rp-content><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" alt=\"js_loader\" onload=\"(function(el) { var t = setInterval(function() {if (window.RichPlugins && !el.getAttribute('data-exec')) { RichPlugins.Slider(el).init(); el.setAttribute('data-exec', '1'); clearInterval(t) }}, 200)})(this.parentNode)\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"display:none\"><\/rp-slider><\/r-p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3881\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.drazmanraffiq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8111\u80bf\u7624\u548c\u8111\u764c\u662f\u6700\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u75c7\u72b6\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u79cd\u540e\u679c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u8111\u80bf\u7624\u548c\u8111\u764c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u75c5\u56e0\u3001\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u3002 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